Given below are two statements : Statement I : The halogen that makes longest bond with hydrogen in HX, has the smallest covalent radius in its group. Statement II : A group 15 element's hydride EH3 has the lowest boiling point among corresponding hydrides of other group 15 elements. The maximum covalency of that element E is 4. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

The halogen that makes longest bond with hydrogen in HX and group 15 hydride EH3 statement based question

Q. Given below are two statements :

Statement I : The halogen that makes longest bond with hydrogen in HX, has the smallest covalent radius in its group.

Statement II : A group 15 element's hydride EH₃ has the lowest boiling point among corresponding hydrides of other group 15 elements. The maximum covalency of that element E is 4.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

A. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

B. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

C. Both Statement I and Statement II are true

D. Both Statement I and Statement II are false

Correct Answer: Both Statement I and Statement II are false

Explanation

Statement I analysis:

Hydrogen halides are: HF, HCl, HBr and HI.

Bond length in HX increases down the group because atomic size of halogen increases:
HF < HCl < HBr < HI

So, the longest H–X bond is in HI.

But iodine has the largest covalent radius, not the smallest.

Hence, Statement I is false.

Statement II analysis:

Group 15 hydrides are:
NH₃, PH₃, AsH₃, SbH₃, BiH₃

Among these, PH₃ has the lowest boiling point because:

NH₃ shows hydrogen bonding → higher boiling point.
Heavier hydrides have higher boiling points due to stronger van der Waals forces.

So element E = Phosphorus.

Maximum covalency of phosphorus is 5 (for example, PCl₅).

But statement says maximum covalency is 4, which is incorrect.

Hence, Statement II is false.

Therefore, both Statement I and Statement II are false.

This type of statement-based reasoning question is very important for JEE Main, JEE Advanced and IIT JEE.

Explanation

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