Match List I with List II Functional group detection tests
Q. Match List - I with List - II.

List - I (Functional group detection)

A. Unsaturation (Baeyer's test)
B. Alcoholic group (Ceric ammonium nitrate test)
C. Aldehyde group (Tollen's reagent)
D. Phenolic group (FeCl$_3$ test)

List - II (Change observed during detection)

I. Red colour appears
II. Silver mirror appears
III. Violet colour appears
IV. Discharge of pink colour

A. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
B. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
C. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
D. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Correct Answer: A

Explanation

Baeyer's test is used for detecting unsaturation. Alkenes and alkynes decolourize the pink colour of alkaline KMnO$_4$ solution, hence unsaturation corresponds to discharge of pink colour.

Ceric ammonium nitrate test is used to detect alcoholic group. Alcohols give a red coloured complex with ceric ammonium nitrate solution.

Tollen's reagent is used for detecting aldehyde group. Aldehydes reduce Tollen's reagent to metallic silver forming a silver mirror.

Ferric chloride test is used for phenolic group. Phenols give violet coloured complex with FeCl$_3$ solution.

Therefore, the correct matching is:

A → IV,   B → I,   C → II,   D → III

Hence, the correct answer is

$$ \boxed{\text{A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III}} $$

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